After its independence in August 1947, India faced enormous challenges. After partition, 8 million refugees had come from Pakistan. Rehabilitation of these refugees was a big challenge. The vast population of India was divided along caste and communal lines. The country had always been a diverse one with numerous cultures. The economy was dependent on agriculture; which was dependent on the monsoon. A large number of factory workers were insufficient and were living in slums. The nation was in abject poverty. Elected representatives formed the Constituent Assembly. The Indian Constitution was adopted on 26 January 1950. Some features of the Constitution were the guarantee for Voting Rights, Equality and Reservations for Underprivileged. Several rounds of discussions were held to distribute power between the centre and the state. The issue of language was another severe matter.