After the downfall of the Mauryas, the Gupta dynasty emerged. This period is known as the Gupta Age. After the decline of the Gupta Dynasty, many small kingdoms arose and one such kingdom was Thaneshwara ruled by Vardhana Dynasty. The greatest ruler of this dynasty was Harshavardhana. Then after the decline of Satavahans, the Chalukyas and the Pallavas came into prominence in South India. These South Indian kingdoms are well administered, and assemblies were also frequent among them.
Land revenue remained essential, and the village remained the basic unit of administration. But, new developments were also introduced. Kings adopted several steps to win the support of men who were powerful, either economically, or socially, or because of their political and military strength. Kings maintained a well-organised army, with elephants, chariots, cavalry and foot soldiers. Military leaders provided kings with troops whenever he needed. Kalidasa was known for his plays depicting life in the king’s court.