Minerals: The naturally occurring chemical substances in the earth's crust which are obtained by mining are known as minerals. Metals may or may not be extracted profitably from them. Metallurgy: The entire scientific and technological process used for isolation of the metal from its ores is known as metallurgy. Rather than merely describing the processes and reactions involved in metal extraction, this chapter concentrates on fundamental principles to give students an understanding of the possibilities for future developments in this field. The most abundant metal found in the earth's crust is Aluminum. Approx. 8.3% by weight. Cleaning of ore or removal of particles like sand, clay, etc. from the ore is called dressing of ore or concentration of ore. It is done in the following steps: Hydraulic washing, Magnetic separation, froth floatation method, Leaching. It was brief on Principles Isolation of Elements.